Discrimination in the Workplace Essay - 1083 Words

Executive Summary In completing the survey it was evident that workplace discrimination is not as common as it is widely thought to be. The survey results showed that most people in this day and age have never experienced discrimination. Out of the ten surveys conducted only one individual from the general public had experienced discrimination in the workplace. To eliminate this sort of behaviour, a no tolerant attitude should be put in place. This would include the laws being tougher in order to discourage employers/employees from discrimination. Another approach to eliminate this sort of behaviour from arising in the workplace would be to appoint an anti discrimination officer to the workplace. Introduction Discrimination in the†¦show more content†¦This was due to 90% of the people surveyed stated that they had not felt that they or their co-workers in their workforce had been harassed or discriminated in any way. These results indicated that the majority of employees/employers have an equal and discrimination free work environment. However in one case a female had been discriminated simply for that fact she was pregnant. They dismissed her six months prior to her pregnancy affecting her ability to work. This made her feel reluctant to go back to work as her employer had made her feel unwelcome and discriminated against. It is easy to see that discrimination in the workplace has seriously declined from three decades ago, but still occurs and seriously affects ones life choices. Overall the results indicated that discrimination is not a serious issue in the workplace. In comparing the results to three decades ago it can clearly be seen that discrimination has progressively decreased to this day. As thirty years ago a dismissal for no apparent reason would haveShow MoreRelatedWorkplace Discrimination : Discrimination And Discrimination1588 Words   |  7 Pagesothers with prejudice because of particular features they possess. Unfortunately, prejudice and discrimination occur even in places which, by definition, should be free of all personal prejudices – specifically, in offices and other business surroundings. This tragedy is called workplace discrimination; not every unfair behavior at work, however, can be assessed as discrimination. Discrimination in the workplace happens when an employee experiences unfair treatment due to their race, gender, age, religionRead MoreWorkplace Discrimination : Discrimination And Discrimination1205 Words   |  5 P ages Workplace Discrimination Employment discrimination manifests in a variety of forms. The most common scenario is when the employer unfairly treats job applicants and employees because of their gender, race, age, disability, nationality or familial status. Often, employment discrimination that emanates from familial status occurs because of events such as pregnancy. The employers usually take adverse and cruel actions against these employees or rather potential employees. Contextually, adverse actionRead MoreDiscrimination in the Workplace1265 Words   |  6 Pages Why does discrimination occur at workplace? There are multiple explanation for the issue. It can be ranged from generational differences, lack of diversity training, absence of good behavior modeling, and many other reasons. In every workplace, it is consists of different cultural, religious, and social backgrounds. There are different perspectives and conversations that take place at the workplace. An individual’s aspect on race, culture, sexual orientations, gender, and political views is disparateRead MoreDiscrimination at Workplace873 Words   |  4 PagesDiscrimination at workplace In the USA there has been the problem of discrimination at places of work against people with disability, based on race, sex, religion in almost all quarters and this has prompted quite a number of legislations and acts to be passed in a bid to guarantee the people the access and right to use and utilize all the public amenities as well as get the right and equal treatment as an American. Vivian Pearson (2012) notes that the federal law prohibits the employer fromRead MoreDiscrimination In The Workplace1211 Words   |  5 Pages While the world has unanimously advanced and is more accepting of change, the workplace continues to be a place of discrimination, prejudice and inequality. Discrimination is broadly defined to ‘distinguish unfavourably’, isolate; and is context based (Pagura, 2012). Abrahams (1991) described the workplace as an ‘inhospitable place’ where gender disparity and wage gaps persist (Stamarski Son Hing, 2015). Among other states and countries, the Australian government actively implements and passesRead MoreDiscrimination In The Workplace1423 Words   |  6 Pagesa challenge to the government and employers to find solutions in diversity and discrimination issues. Discrimination may be appeared to be prevalent, this may cause unemployment. Anti-discrimination policies have been employed to combat discrimination in the workplace, however nothing has been done to analyse the policy. This paper will examine whether the anti-discrimination legislation is effective in the workplace to provide a fair working environment. In Australia, it is considered unlawfulRead MoreDiscrimination in the Workplace2033 Words   |  8 Pages Despite popular belief, discrimination occurs every day worldwide. It occurs for different reasons, but is detrimental to any company or individual. The judgments that occur based on physical appearance, height, weight, gender, and race are affecting the potential professional careers of many. Many companies are limiting their full potential due to the fact that they are discriminating interviewees and employees based upon physical traits. It lessens the chances of developing a strong staffRead MoreDiscrimination in the Workplace1276 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish 112 51-A September 27, 2010 Discrimination in the Workplace In today’s society, people claim to be so open minded and tolerant in regards to other people’s beliefs, lifestyles, and appearance. However, in reality people with tattoos are often discriminated against for the way they look. Visible tattoos have a negative effect on finding employment, as well as commission based occupations, and also jobs in the childcare field. PhysicalRead MoreDiscrimination And Discrimination Within The Workplace1633 Words   |  7 Pagestaken to assure that employees and applicants enjoy equal employment opportunity. Discrimination or harassment by any supervisory or non-supervisory employee based upon the protected conditions or characteristics listed above or any other legally-protected condition or characteristic is a violation of the Code of Conduct. An employee or applicant, who believes that he or she has been the subject of such discrimination or harassment, should promptly report the alleged incident to the Owner or CFO. ARead MoreDiscrimination And Discrimination Within The Workplace919 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Discrimination is defined as making a distinction in favor of or against a person or thing based on the group, class, or category to which that person or thing belongs to rather than on individual merit (definition 2). Discrimination does not just relate to just one meaning but several, and it can be described in many ways. This action is not only offensive but hurtful as well. Denying any individual a job because of their race, sexual orientation, religion, or gender is an example of

Drug Wars The United States - 1643 Words

Drug Wars. When people hear the term â€Å"Drug Wars† they think that the cause of all the Drugs and Violence flowing through into the United States, is all Mexico’s fault, that Mexico is the cause of so many deaths and a War that the United States thinks it’s â€Å"Winning†, but they are not even making a little dent. Interestingly enough, Mexico is not the only cause of this War going on around the Border, The United States plays a big role around the Drug Wars as well. THE TIES THE U.S. HAS WITH MEXICAN DRUG CARTELS The United States has been having ties with some of the Mexican Drug Cartels for valuable and classified information to lead them to other cartels in order to pass drugs into the U.S. without any problems. The U.S. Government†¦show more content†¦During these years there have been a lot of allegations that Joaquin Guzman Loera, considered until now as the world’s most powerful drug trafficker, coordinates with American authorities in order to send Drugs into the U.S. The DEA agents met with members of the cartel in Mexico to obtain information about their rivals and simultaneously built a network of informants who sign drug cooperation agreements, subject to results, to enable them to obtain future benefits, including cancellation of charges in the U.S., reports El Universal (Kelley 2013). In the late 1990s, Zambada-Niebla’s lawyer made a deal with U.S. agents in which Sinaloa would provide information about rival drug trafficking organizations and in exchange the U.S. would dismiss its case against the Sinaloa lawyer and refrain from interfering with the activities of the Powerful Cartel. ECONOMY IN MEXICO Mexico is still a developing country but that does not signify that it is a poor country. It’s GNI Per Capita, has Mexico classified as an â€Å"Upper Middle Income† Country, but the people in Mexico still suffer because even though they have pretty good economy, they still don’t have enough jobs for people that are trying to live day to day to feed their families. This is where Cartels kick in. They pay good money and they are able to help

Rebecca Riots Free Essays

â€Å"Rebecca had won a substantial victory! I t had succeeded in removing most of the under lying grievances. † How valid is this assessment of the Rebecca movement in west Wales? The assessment above, written by historian David Williams, is fair and somewhat accurate in my opinion. The Rebecca rioters, in West Wales between the years 1839-1843, did manage to resolve the main issue of tax for use of the toll roads. We will write a custom essay sample on Rebecca Riots or any similar topic only for you Order Now The rioters also proved to be somewhat more than a disorganised rabble due to publicity from International and national newspapers at the time. This could have been a key issue in why the government decided to reform the toll gate tax. However other historians, such as Graham Longster, do not agree with the above statement. Although the tax was reformed, the issues of poor living conditions and the wide spread poverty were not resolved or improved by the actions of the rioters. Historians who disagree with the statement that quotes the riots were a success, like Graham Longster, argue that the majority of welsh people were trapped in poverty by the mainly English land owners like the owners of the Turn Pike Trust, and that the riots should have been the beginning for wide scale change and improvement in living conditions. Wales as a whole in the 19th century was largely reliant on its coal and iron production which was a very lucrative business, however almost all of the profits went to the land and company owners such as Marquess of Bute. Due to this the workers were paid very low amounts, decreasing the overall living standards of welsh people. Early on in the 1830s, there were wide spread movements similar the Rebecca riots, proving that the riots were not an isolated incident. Movements like Chartism were popular, calling for bigger wide spread change, and in many cases this ended in violent protests Such as the Newport rising I 1939. Wales bore the brunt of the poverty, due to lack of jobs and poor wages for those few jobs, but England also had its fair share of uprisings, which again included Chartism. Large numbers of violent protests broke out due to the poverty and living conditions. The government were not showing any sign of solving the problem and revolution was being talked about. Protests in Wales became increasingly violent, a good example of this was the Merthyr rising in 1831, where the ironworkers and there families took control of the town for four days, the town was eventually took back by the use of large numbers of soldiers. I believe that this uprising captured the mood of the majority of people living in Great Britain at the time. The fact that a whole town held its own miniature revolution showed that the people and the times were beginning to get increasingly dispread for change. Society had changed and people of Britain wanted fast improvements by any means. At the time there were different views on the riots and how successful they were. The view by the Marxists (communist) was and is that the riots were a joke and so did not take them seriously; they promoted the idea that the only way for change was full political revolution. This believe is shadowed in the writings of modern day historian G A Williams and writing of Fredrich Engles (co-author of the communist manifesto), Who support the view that the Rebecca riots were unsuccessful and revolution is the only way to get political change. The other side of the argument is with the liberals and their views. The liberal view of the Rebecca riots is and was that they were a complete success as they achieved their goal in gaining an enquiry which ended in the reform of the toll gate tax, as appose to the chartists who did not achieve anything of significance. A modern day historian who supports this liberal view is David Williams, he argues that the reason the Rebecca riots were a success was due to the fact that the rioters got their goal as a result of peaceful means. To allow my final answer to the question to be accurate I will organise this essay in to two categories, which will allow me to find clear information. The first category will consist of sources that support the view that the riots were a success, and the second category will consist of sources that disagree with the main question and argue that the riots were a failure. I thought that I would start with a source written at the time to allow me to quickly understand the views held by Rebecca followers. I wish to give you notice, especially to those sworn in as constables in order to catch Becca and her children. I can assure you that it will be too hard for Bullin and company to finish the job that they began – to keep the gates up at Llanfihangel and [? ]. Now take these few lines as information for you to watch yourselves, you that had any connection with Bullin, Messrs M. C. Lics, Mr Thomas Blue Boar. All your property shall be burned in one night if they will not obey this notice. Send away those vagabonds which you are favourable to. I always like to be plain in all my dealings with people. Is it a reasonable thing that they impose so much on the country, only picking the pockets of poor labours and farmers? All the gates that are on these small roads shall be destroyed. I am willing for the gates on the Queens Road to stand. It is a shameful thing for us Welshmen to have the sons of Hengist rule over us. Do you not remember the long knives which Hengist invented to kill our forefathers? You may depend on it, you shall receive the same if you will not give up when I visit you, and that shall be in a short time. Now I give an order to leave the place before I come, for I am determined that I will have my way. As for the constable and the policemen, Becca and her children pay no more attention to them than the grasshoppers which fly in the summer. There are others who are marked by Becca. They shall not be named now, but if they will not obey this notice, she shall call on them in a short time. Faithfull to Death with the county Becca children Rebecca letter, 16 December 1842 Source1 ———————————————— The first source I have chosen to examine is a letter written at the time in 1842 by members of the Rebecca riots perhaps even Rebecca himself. The first point I would like to make is that the letter was actually written at all, during this time the vast majorit y of the population were very poorly educated most had no education at all, due to this not many people could read let along write, this tells me that the letter must have been written by a educated man, probably from a wealthy background as they were the only people who could afford an educated. It is not very likely in my opinion that a normal welsh farmer could have written this letter without help as the majority of them did not have the skills to do this. The letters content is mainly words of intimidation towards as the letter states â€Å"to those sworn in as constables in order to catch Becca and her children†. Also included in the letter is a reference to Hengist who was a Saxon king who in this context is used to describe the English. The name is used to tell of the welsh displeasure of a foreign power in this case England ruling over them. It is a shameful thing for us Welshmen to have the sons of Hengist rule over us† This is an excellent quote from the letter as it describes the hatred of the English rule over the welsh, the men writing this letter do not class the landowners as native to the land and class them more as invaders who should have no control over the people. The source is obviously biased towards the Rebecca rioters and therefore not ve ry reliable, although it does give me a good sense of the mood of the rioters. This source would be useful to both Marxist and liberal viewed historians, but I have chosen the next source to continue from the last one as I believe the differing dates at which they were written will allow them to contrast each other and allow me to see what the views were at the time and now. Source 2 Document 6 in WJEC source booklet, John Davies a history of Wales, 1991, an academic general survey ————————————————- The source written by the modern day historian John Davis discusses the view that the â€Å"hatred of tollgates was the spark which ignited the protests†. This quote is in my opinion an accurate assumption of the overall protests, the vast majority of welsh people at this time were extremely poor and held farming as their full time occupation, in most cases farming was a families only source of income. English landowners and business men had increasingly taken advantage of the welsh people mainly through taxation and as quoted by John Davis the increase on the toll gate tax was the last straw, people wanted change as the taxation was crippling their life style as they had less money to improve or sustain their living conditions. The increase on the toll gates hit farmers hard financially as they need to use the roads to transport their goods to market and if they didn’t get to market no produce would be sold and no money brought in. The source seems to have no overall opinion of the riots, it has neither a liberal or Marxist view to it, and this is good as the source is unbiased. The reliability of this source is excellent as the writer is a professional modern day historian who would have researched the topic and looked at many sources to come to his view and what content he included. I have noticed a link between this source (source 2) and the previous one (source 1). Both sources argue about the increasing frustration and Source3 Document 3 in WJEC source booklet, the evidence of Mary Thomas, a tenant farmers wife, to the commission of enquiry, 1844. ————————————————- The next source was evidence given by a Welsh farmer’s wife to the commission of inquiry in 1844. In extract the woman tells of her families hardship due to the large tithes she and many others like her have to pay. The woman states figures and prices and proves them with receipts showing the rate of increase in tithes, she tells the enquiry that eleven years ago her family paid ? 2. 50 and now they pay ? 8. 82 gives receipts as evidence. This alone tells me why these people were drove to violent means in the hope of reforming the taxation system that was being impressed on them and that had been for so many years. I believe this source to be very useful as it is of the time, and reliable as it is evidence in a government enquiry where everything said would have been professional and the truth. Although the source is likely to be biased in favour of the rioters views as this woman has suffered due to the taxation, she may have also been told what to say by other members on the side of the rioters in a bid to gain sympathy but also show the inquiry that the taxation was effecting modest families badly, the woman even goes as far as to say her husband does not drink beer and yet their family is still struggling to survive. The tone of her voice is heard at the end of the source â€Å"I am very sorry to trouble you† this is showing me that the woman was not enraged with anger but simply asking for help as her family are struggling and this is the impression that the people campaigning for change wanted to portray, they were not brutal thugs that went about burning toll gates but just simple average people asking for help. I have noticed a link between this source (source 3) and the previous one (source2). Both sources argue about the increasing frustration held by the people as tax rates increased and as more tax’s were imposed on them, Source 3 is good evidence of this and backs up the views held in source 2 written by modern day historian John Davis. Another point I would like to make is that the historian john Davis may have well used source 3 in his research that allowed him to come to his conclusion stated in source 2 as it is very good evidence of why people at the time turned to rioting. Also I believe the words and opinions of source 3 are echoed in the writings of source 2 which again backs up the idea of John Davis using source 2 in his research. The previous sources now lead into the next source that again backs up the view Rebecca was a success but also again links in with the previous sources, arguing that the riots were caused due to increasingly higher taxes that upset the traditional way of life for the Welsh people. Source 4 Document 9 WJEC source booklet, Graham Longster, 1987, a school history textbook. â€Å"Rebecca had been a protest against those hardships that seemed to have interfered with the traditional order of life in West Wales. It was a reaction against what was regarded as injustice and following the traditional custom of Ceffyl pren† ————————————————- Ceffyl pren is referred to in this source; this was the traditional way of solving problems in Wales back when there was no police force. If the welsh people had a problem more often than not there was no one they could turn to, so the Welsh took matters into their own hands and held pretend trails aimed to embarrass and humiliate who ever was doing them wrong. The source describes the Rebecca riots as a fight against foreign ideas and even people who have interfered with the â€Å"traditional order of life in West Wales†. The view I get from reading this source is that Rebecca was the only way the welsh people could resolve the problem of the toll gates, They’re believe was the rich would help each other and would ignore any attempt to get reform through legal means. An important point I have noticed is that the Rebecca’s had stayed mostly peaceful during these protests reflecting the times of Ceffyl pren where the dealings were designed to disrepute and humiliate rather than kill, whether the leaders knew if they turned violent they would fail in their attempt for reform or it was just in their mentality is a another question but I believe that the leader of the Rebecca riots was an educated man who knew how to gain support and ultimately achieve their goal. ———————————————— This source is written by a well know historian Graham Longster in 1987 this tells me that the source is very reliable as he would have studied many sources and views before finalizing his view, Although the source in my opinion would be biased as he had written this when Margret Thatcher was in power imposing tough reforms for the UK and Wales in particular , this could cause some small resentment towards the government and upper classes. Graham Longster is a socialist viewed historian which is reflected in much of his work but in this segment his socialist view is not reflected, the reason for this is that it is out of context. From this source I have gained a good understanding of why the rioters took the methods they did in seeking their goal, They did what had been done for centuries, taking their problems into their own hands as no one else would help. There was a reason the rioters took matters into their own hands, this is because it had been proved that it worked in the years prior to the riots and therefore in their minds would work again, It was their tradition, for the majority of people it was the only way they knew to solve their problems, most people did not understand politics and resorted to methods that they understood and had been used successfully before. Source 5 A drawing of the Rebecca riots as depicted in the Paris magazine L’illustration 1843 Unlike the image depicted in source 2 this is not a cartoon, but an accurate drawing designed to replicate the feel and look of the Rebecca riots to the reader of the magazine, but what is important about this source is the fact it is taken from a French magazine at the time which instantly gives the impression of success. The riots had become international news and this could only have been the case if the riots were becoming more and more of a disruption to the government and even to daily life. The image depicts a strong sense of violence, for example there are many men with weapons engaging in conflict with what appear to business men or landowner, these examples in my opinion are making the rioters out to be barbaric like criminals where as the riots were largely peaceful. Another aspect I have spotted is the portrayal of Rebecca himself, he is depicted as a Napoleon like figure as he sits on his white horse inspiring his men, waving his sword. Another point to this drawing is it seems to display a woman laying on the ground who I believe to be a symbol of liberty, thus telling the eader that liberty is at threat of has been slain, What I cannot tell from the picture is whether or not the rioters are trying to save or avenge liberty or it is the other way round and liberty is at threat due to the riots. The source in my opinion is very useful as it is of the time and gives a different view of the riots from another country, but I would argue that the source is very pro re volution and therefore is biased against the upper classes and the illustrator might have over exaggerated some points like the violence. I believe that this source would be very useful to historian R T Jenkins as he describes the riots as â€Å"Becca was a commotion† which links in with this picture, the chaos of the picture backs up his statement, the use of this picture would be good evidence that would back up his statement. Source 5 is a hard one to place in respects of success of failure as it depicts some bad features of the riots next to successful ideas and views, the same can be said about source 6. For example the depiction of liberty in source 5 is outlined with a violent background consisting of armed men fighting thus showing the good and bad methods and views of the riots. Source 5 and 6 are closely linked as the fact that the riots became national and international news hits success but the violence featured on the images could be viewed and subsequently used as evidence for the riots becoming viewed as a failure. Source 6 A cartoon from the magazine Punch in 1843 ————————————————- The next source I have chosen to analyse pictured above, is a cartoon representation of the Rebecca rioters. The cartoon was first published in 1843 by the popular magazine punch. This immediately gives me the impression that the Rebecca movement was now rising from a disorganised rabble that had little effect, to an organised group who were being more noticed and talked about. This single cartoon is evidence that the Rebecca movement was becoming national news and this would only have happened if the riots were causing considerable disruption to the toll gate companies. As a result the Rebecca movement were growing in strength of numbers and popularity among the welsh people. The cartoon features many underling issues such as tax’s and laws, but the picture also displays the prominent feature of the cause of the riots, this being the toll gates, the impression I get from deciphering this picture is that the people have been growing angry due to increasing laws and tax’s pilling up and the increase in tax on the toll gates was the last straw. As depicted on the cartoon the people are expressing their anger for all the issues that have built up over the years and are hoping to use the riots to abolish them. The creator of the cartoon has been very clever in adding details that are not very obvious, one of these being the faces one the gate supports. The faces are representing the Chancellor of the Exchequer and the home secretary. The message that the cartoonist is trying to portraying with these faces on the gate polls is that they are the men who are supporting all of these taxes especially the toll gate tax, they are the driving force behind them, and without them supporting the taxes and laws their belief is that the system would fall apart. This source is very biased towards the opposition to the Rebecca riots; it was printed at the time in England to portray the riots as barbaric and ghastly, the cartoon is trying to expel any sympathy for the rioters. Reliability is an issue as it is biased but it does give me a good insight of what people thought of the riots in 1843 as it was published at this time. Now the last two sources have hinted both the view Rebecca was a success and a failure, but the next source has a very negative view of the Rebecca riots which is unusual as the same historian John Davis had hinted towards the riots being a success in source 2. I believe this is due to the sources being taken out of context and also John Davis portraying both sides of the argument in order to get an accurate opinion of the riots. Source 7 John Davis, A History of Wales, 1991, an academic general survey. It is sometimes claimed that the Rebecca riots was a rural version of Chartism, There is some substance to the claim. Bitterness cause by the poor law amendment was a significant factor in both† â€Å"yet as R T Jenkins argued â€Å"Chartism was a truly political movement inspired by theory, Chartism was a plan, Becca was a commotion† John Davis discusses the similarities between the Rebecca riots and Chartism but in my opinion does tell some good points. The two were ca used largely due to upset involving the poor laws and the fact nothing was being done, no one would stand up and help these people. But after this he compares his theory with that of another historian R T Jenkins, Who describes the Rebecca riots as a commotion and Chartism as a political movement with a plan. I n my opinion this couldn’t be any further away from the truth as Chartism was a complete mess, There was the charter that included six points yes, but the way in which Chartism was run and organised is more like a commotion, for example there was no one true leader rather a number of leaders who fought, squabbled and would not work together. Now on the other hand Rebecca was organised with a true leader/figure head, someone that the rioters could connect with and admire. Sure the methods may have looked or even been a commotion, Burning gates, dressing up as women etc but these methods worked, the dressing up not only caused a mythical theme to the rioters but also kept the identities of the rioters a secret, saving many lives. The source is reliable as it was written by an academic historian who would have studied numerous sources, but the source does come across as very biased to the view that the Riots were a failure. I have found the next source very useful as it was written by Fredrich Engles who was the co-author of the communist manifesto, therefore given me a insight into how Marxists viewed the riots at the time instead of how they view the riots today, and I think it would be interesting to see if the same view was carried by Marxists both today and at the time. Source 8 â€Å" In 1843 disturbances broke out amongst the welsh peasantry, The men dressed in woman’s clothing fell in armed crowds upon the toll gates, destroyed them amongst great rejoice and firing of guns, wrote threatening letters and once so far as to storm the work house of Carmarthen. The poverty of the peasantry continues and will one day produce more serious manifestations than these humorous Rebecca masquerades† Fredrich Engles, condition of the working class in England 1845 An important factor of this source is who it was written by. Fredrich Engles was a co-author of the communist manifesto alongside Karl Marx in 1848, although the source was written before he co-authored the communist manifesto he still would have held a Marxist view and subsequently thought the only way to get reform was trough total political revolution. The tone of his writing suggests that he is looking down on the rioters; the way in which he describes the events â€Å"The men dressed in women’s clothing fell in armed crowds upon the toll gates† almost brings a snigger to my mouth. It is like he is picturing a ramble of children instead of a group of grown men. Another point he makes is that the riots didn’t change anything in his mind; he goes on to tell of the continuing poverty of the peasants but does not mention the success they had with reforming the toll gate tax which was their goal from the start. He believes that one day a more serious organisation or cause will pick up what the Rebecca riots sparked, total revolution due to poverty, and he was right looking at Russian during the early 20th century. The last point I would like to make is his use of the word â€Å"humorous† he has no respect for the rioters in my opinion and does not acknowledge their problems and the way in which they solved them as a beginning to what he so desperately craves, revolution, the abolishment of upper-class rule. I believe this source to been of great use to an historian and me in answering the question stated at the begging of the essay. I find it useful to see what people who held Marxists views thought of the riots at the time and now in modern day, and if they saw them as a success or failure. In conclusion, after deciphering these numerous sources, it is my opinion that the Rebecca riots as a whole were a complete success as they achieved the goal they set out for. This goal, a modest one at that, was the reform of the toll gate tax. After the riots had come to an end due to the famers of West Wales turning from violent to more peaceful forms of protests and strong punishments meted out by the authorities the government at the time 1843 issued a full commission of enquiry to tackle the grievances put forward by the Welsh people. The enquiry quickly found many grievances that were unjust and need to be tackled, such as the miss management of funds by the turn pike trust. The enquiry came to its results in 1844 and issued a number of recommendations to the government which included the introduction of equal tolls. In august 1844 the government accepted these recommendations and past them as laws. As a result the roads in south Wales were some of the best in Britain. The question stated at the start of the essay included the statement Rebecca succeeded because it solved many of the under lying grievances which it did, but the opposition to this view argue that Rebecca didn’t go far enough, living conditions and poverty went unchanged and the way in which the government or authorities were run went unchanged. I believe that this â€Å"Rebecca didn’t go far enough† is totally wrong as Rebecca only achieved its goal due to the fact it didn’t ask too much, too soon. If this was the case then I believe that Rebecca would have failed as Chartism did, Chartism wanted quick, extensive change and this was too much, although Chartism was asking for the morally correct system that we use today, They wanted it all at once, which I believe is the main reason Chartism failed. Rebecca was successful as they were well organised and wanted effective change that was gradual. All the historians that I have researched and quoted during the answering of the first question have all made compelling arguments and put forward good idea’s, backed up with evidence but the historian I agree with the most and have researched to come to my final conclusion is John Davis, he argues in source two that â€Å"hatred of tollgates was the spark which ignited the protests†. I link this statement to Chartism as well as the Rebecca riots, the sense I get from it is all these large protests were born out of a common hatred held by many, towards a common goal. How to cite Rebecca Riots, Essay examples

Explain why parents are sometimes strict free essay sample

Parents are sometimes strict to discipline their children, to set out strict rules to get the best from their children and to put responsibilities on their shoulders Introductory Paragraph: The ABCD Parenting Young Adolescents (2009 – 2014) stated, â€Å"Parents are sometimes strict to discipline their children so the they can earn respect from the, parents also wants them to think more positively, above all, to gain a strong relationship with their children and to correct their short falls therefore it keeps them more connected and their children will respect and obey them in authority†. Furthermore, parents set out strict rules so their children can be clear about what is to be expected from them. Parents’ uses strict rules sue to manner and behavior and to inform there children of what is appropriate and appreciated from them. Parents set strict responsibilities on their children shoulders due to the authors’ research parents do that to ensure that their children meet their goals and make learn to take success into consideration; on the other hand, parents want what is best for their children and to be independent. We will write a custom essay sample on Explain why parents are sometimes strict or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Conclusion: In addition all these factors explain why parents are sometimes strict. When parents are strict it out comes a positive act and even the better way to discipline children by showing them how to behave so that they can give a positive outlook in life. For example, parents sit down and talk with them to show them the life ahead of them and showing them what is positive. Due to that, setting out rules in their homes let children know their standards. For instance, a parent can have a rule stated, â€Å"Everyone must be home by six o’clock†. Moreover, parents want their children to be independent so they help them to be responsible and make them wiser about what life has to offer.

The US Relationships with Panama and China

The U.S. and Panama Relationships since the End of the Cold War The USA and Panama relationships after the Cold War started with the invasion of the USA into the country. This was the first large-scale force of the USA non-connected with the Cold War. The main reason of such invasion was the overturn of the authoritarian leader, Manuel Antonio Noriega, â€Å"a corrupt dictator heading an efficient narcomilitaristic regime in Panama† (Gilboa, 1995, p. 539).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The US Relationships with Panama and China specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The USA did not plan to provide military operations in the direction of Panama. Trying to warn, convince, beg, etc., the USA wanted to cope with the task by means of peaceful negotiations. However, Manuel Antonio Noriega did not want to stop harmful actions, therefore, the USA desired to act. Nevertheless, the USA just wanted to give a les son to the Panama leader and the force invasion was just the means for warning. However, the ac t was not that successful as the USA thought. After this measure, Panama was not of the high opinion of the USA. The USA was expected to learn a good lesson â€Å"after the damage of bureaucratic infighting and miscommunication was evident in the Panama and the Gulf crises† (Gilboa, 1995, p. 540). The U.S. and Panama Current Relationships Sullivan (2011) characterizes the current relationships of the USA with Panama as â€Å"extensive cooperation on counternarcotics efforts; support to promote Panama’s economic, political, and social development; and a proposed bilateral free trade agreement (FTA) that was signed in 2007† (p. 14). The free trade agreement between these two countries brings much advantage of the both parties of the deal. The USA offers great financial support for the development of the Panama business. The USA and Panama conduct many security operation s together. The relationships between these two countries are rather friendly, however, these relations are based on a number of treaties and agreements which are signed officially. Panama is unable to cope with drug trafficking and money laundering, there fore, the USA offers its assistance in such questions. The USA is interested in dealing with the issue as the USA remains one of the main markets for Panama drugs due to the appropriate geographical location.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Obama exclaimed to develop the labor and tax policy to make sure that the relationships between Panama and the USA are correctly signed. Therefore, Panama citizens have an opportunity to work legally on the territory of the USA with the minimum required documents and other legal issues. Panama Canal has always been the issue for discussion between the USA and Panama. Howeve r, the recent treaties have been developed where the Panama Canal remains the property of Panama, however, the USA has an opportunity to use it in military purposes whenever it needs. The U.S. and China Current Relationships The end of the Cold War presupposed that great changes are going to be completed in the configuration of the international relations. The USA shifted its interest from the European countries into the Asian ones. It should be mentioned that China has become the focus of the USA due to its rapid development. The USA understood that China is going to enter the world economics in the nearest future and the friendly market relationships with this country would bring good profit. Of course, the USA could not expect that everything would go straight, as â€Å"China’s involvement in international institutions, norms, and regimes in the near future† (Islam, 2006, p. 24) as well as the USA policy in the direction of China was to be the main issues for relati onships development. Nowadays, the relationships between the USA and China remain relatively stable. Even though China is far from democratic regime and the USA does not really appreciate such relations, still, the USA and China develop friendly relationships at the international; arena where the USA tries to make China a responsible stakeholder (Nagao, Yoshizaki, Sato, Okagaki, 2000, p. 29). Contrast and Comparison of the Two Relationships Looking at the development of the USA relationships with Panama and China, it may be stated that nowadays, the USA tires to remain friendly to other countries. The post Cold War period was complicated and the USA needed much attempt and diplomatic strength to understand which relations deserve attention and which ones are to be a failure.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The US Relationships with Panama and China specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Panama and China are two countries which relationships with the USA after the Cold War developed differently, however, the current relationships are similar. The USA is the country which tries to control others in their development and gaining democratic issues, and Panama and China are the countries which remain under the USA control. China is independent from the USA, however, the USA does all possible to change the regime in China applying to the economical and political measures. Panama is the country which developed its relations with the USA through force invasion. Nowadays, the relations are friendly, however, Panama experiences some control from the side of the USA. Therefore, it may be concluded that having different post Cold War relationships, the USA develops its ties with such countries as Panama and China similarly. Works Cited Gilboa, E. (1995). The Panama Invasion Revisited: Lessons for the Use of Force in the Post Cold War Era. Political Science Quarterly, 110(4), 539-373. Islam, A. K. (2006). The post-cold war U.S.-China relations: win-win or zero-sum game. Asian Affairs, 28(2), 24-45. Nagao, Y., Yoshizaki, T., Sato, H., Okagaki, T. (2000, 1 March). Post-Cold War International Society and U.S.-China Relationship. NIDS Security Reports, pp. 1-56. Sullivan, Mark P. (2011, 11 May). Panama: Political and Economic Conditions and U.S. Relations. Congressional Research Service, pp. 1-33.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This research paper on The US Relationships with Panama and China was written and submitted by user Cohen Kennedy to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Tips for Life essays

Tips for Life essays Ann Landers gives several tips for leading a good life in her newspaper column but are these tips for everyone? Most of the points in the article are actually quite good, most people live by these tips and they dont even realize it. The article Tips for Life should be read by everyone although it should be made clear that they have the right to rephrase several of the tips to better suit themselves. Most of the points made in Tips for Life are very valid but, some points are a persons own particular choice and should not be determined by anyone else. The tip Be engaged six months before you get married. Is a persons own choice not an elderly newspaper columnists. Another tip that seems a little questionable is Marry someone you love to talk to. As you get older, conversation will be one of the principal elements of your relationship. I honestly believe that a couple should get married if they have undying love and affection for each other, not because your possible spouse is a good conversationalist, thats preposterous. Despite a few of Ann Landers tips, the article sets good morals for a person to live by and look at for guidance. Ann discusses and makes points ranging from deep mental thoughts to merely calling your own mother. To make her article perfect she would have to be willing to see that not everyone thinks the same way and that there is always more than one way to say or do something. ...

Ecological Principles for Landscape Design Essay

Ecological Principles for Landscape Design - Essay Example The effects of a compromised water surface quality impair the aquatic ecosystems, public health issues become a threat and the remediation process is a burden on the entire community. Many parties became involved in the development of a resolution including the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, private citizens, outside consulting firms, academia, scientists and geologist’s, and advocacy groups (Snowden). In response the solution involved the removal and transfer of 600,000 tons of material from one of the acid rock formations- Bald Eagle Sandstone- to a nearby treatment area designated the Excavated Rock Placement Area located just below Sky Top (Snowden). The discovery of acidic rock material along the 1-99 area was first discussed and began being explored in 2002 when there was exposure at Bald Eagle Mountain. This area where much of the Sky Top Mountain drainage occurs has been the subject of studies for as far back as the 1970’s.Several agencies are on public record as expressing concern about the potential creation of acidic rock drainage if the bedrock were to come into contact with rain water. There was also concern for the potential damage to groundwater and surface water. Excavated rock was crushed and used locally as road base before the nature of this rock was understood and it was only a very short time before surface and groundwater runoff began raising concerns. Pyrite is a mineral that can cause extremely low PH levels and very acidic water.

Could a seniority Based Pay be used as a Motivation Device (MBA Essay

Could a seniority Based Pay be used as a Motivation Device (MBA DISSERTATION) - Essay Example The purpose of the present research was to establish if the seniority based plan can act as a motivational device. Towards this, a qualitative research was conducted where the managers and the employees were asked to give their opinion about Favourable/unfavourable aspect of the plan, and also to make suggestions to improve it. The responses indicated that employees at Federal Foods Ltd appeared to be approving of the concept of seniority based pay, but were concerned about problems with its implementation. Employees at Federal Foods Ltd appreciated the opportunity to be judged on merit, the money offered by the plan, and the incentive to of raise through seniority; but they were concerned with the quality of the goals that were set and with a lack of fairness or a perception of favouritism in the allocation of rewards. The offered suggestion included an appeal to inculcate fairness in the implementation of the plan, to make relevant goals contingent upon the pay and to involve worke rs in the entire process. The participant observation that was carried out by the researchers revealed that the supervisors who acted as their conduit to the senior managers motivated the workers. Other factors that can be attributed to motivating the employees include, realistic and fair budgets, and the encouragement to exercise self-evaluation. It was also observed that among those hired-with-tenure, Federal Foods Ltd employees with 3 to 15 years of seniority earned approximately 8 to 10 percent more than new hires with tenure; and Federal Foods Ltd employees with 16 or more years of seniority earn over 15 percent more than those with 2 or fewer years of seniority. Among Federal Foods Ltd employees who have exhibited a willingness and ability to change employers there are positive returns to seniority. It was also found that the rising returns to seniority among Federal Food Ltd employees are consistent across gender and across departments. The in depth

Cultural Immersion Experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Cultural Immersion Experience - Essay Example Initially, prior to the event, one delved into a preliminary research on the religious beliefs and practices of Filipinos, particularly those who migrated in the United States. The first part of the discourse would therefore provide a brief overview of the culture of the Filipinos, specifically focusing on attending religious services. Subsequently, one would present the personal reflection of the cultural immersion experience by addressing specifically identified concerns. According to the study written and conducted by Smith, Denton, Faris & Regnerus (2002) entitled â€Å"Mapping American Adolescent Religious Participation†, the authors revealed that â€Å"the race of American adolescents influences their religious location and levels of religious participation† (p. 608). Measured in terms of percentage of racial groups attending religious affiliations, the report revealed that: â€Å"47.7 percent of African-American youth are Baptist; 55.7 percent of Hispanic youth are Catholic; 35.5 percent of Asian youth are Catholic, while 11 percent are Budhist† (Smith, Denton, Faris, & Regnerus, 2002, p. 607). In another study written by Melendy (2000), it was disclosed that â€Å"the vast majority of Filipino Americans are Roman Catholic, although about five percent are Muslim†¦Because the majority of early Filipino immigrants to the United States were single males, few Catholics attended church with any regularity. Once families began settling in the United States, however, religion became a central component of family and community life† (Melendy: Religion, 2000, par. 1). (1) Description of the setting and presenting what was observed: The setting was at the Sacred Heart Parish which was located at E. Twiggs Street at North Florida Avenue, Tampa, Florida. I observed that during the mass, the celebrant of the mass, called the priest presided the whole ceremony; but there were some lectors and commentators who read gospel verses and lead

Investigating General Motors Chevy Volt Project

Investigating General Motors Chevy Volt Project What does the Chevy Volt case tell you about the nature of strategic decision making at a large complex organization like GM? In a complex organization such as GM, it appears that decisions concerning Chevy Volt project were reached without giving thorough plan outlay to the planning groups in the company. There was a lot of thing that put the company at stakes from the wrong strategic decision undertaken. All aspects of the project were done at the individual and subjective level. Take for example the proposal presented by Larry Burns and Bob Lutz concerning Chevy Volt to the top management presents a missing link of strategic leadership that should have been a transformational force. Yet the sad state of affairs is that strategic formulation and its implementation also were all compromised upon, which happened when the Chevy Volt concept car was launched. This shows that managerial level function, their involvement and leadership were not collaborative in a sense as far as implementation processes goes. Together with it, shareholder values and business plan also were not emphasized upon when decisions were made, which appears that the responsibility attached with managerial role and their expertise were all taken for granted that put the company in the threshold of a gamble and a joke. Explain briefly the changes in the external environment that made it favorable to undertake the Chevy Volt Project? As we relate to the given case, rising fuel prices, new environmental regulations, new entrant for green concepts cars and stiff competitors give abundant evidence to the changes in the external environment. There is some relevancy that microenvironments also were emphasized upon in context of Porter five forces model and SWOT analysis. Thus, the Chevy Volt project can significantly foster the CSR of GM, which is favorable. As a green concept car, the Chevy Volt scores a point as far as cost saving for users goes in context of rising oil prices then. However, what is crucial also can be exemplified in context of sustainable development process that the Chevy Volt can impact, let say limiting carbon gas emission in the backdrop of global warming and greenhouse effect and most importantly presents a wider socio-economic relevancy and impact. What internal obstacles do you think existed within GM that were unfavorable to the pursuit of the Chevy Volt project? Cost factor also is one unfavorable point that existed, given that GM have already invested billion of dollars for the development of Lithium-Ion batteries, which did not registers with the top management. The relevant cause for that also can be emphasized in context of the internal obstacles at GM as can be observed in respect of top management who were skeptical of Chevy Volt project, especially when the EV1 Hybrid model, a green concept electric car that run on conventional fuel cell introduced by the company way back in the 90s did not succeed and was a sheer loss in term of resource and brand image. Besides leadership in the company also have it flaws, and were not wholly involved. That is to say, strategy planning, its formulation and lifecycles that guaranteed the outcome of project was a missing links, which are the internal obstacles that are unfavorable for the pursuit of Chevy Volt project. The plan for the Chevy Volt seems to be based partly on the assumption that oil prices would remain high, and yet in late 2008, oil prices collapsed in the wake of a sharp global economic slowdown: What does this tell you about the nature of strategic plans? Chevy Volt project which is partly based on the assumption of fuels prices is rather skeptical. Plan outlay in context of rising oil prices, and environment sustainability only does not in a sense constitute total business plan layout. External environment analysis such as the macro and micro-economic factors also should have been focused, so that an alternative plan layout to develop new innovation for its benchmark cars model that run on fuel and that which should meet the tighter regulation in the future. Yet that was not the case, which we feel posit the flaws in the nature of strategic plan concerning Chevy Volt, and presents the uncertainty of such development course, which in the other case economic factor should have been given more emphasis for strategy, wherein economic theory of demand and supply also should have been brought in contention in regard of decision and strategy. How do falling oil prices affect the Chevy Volt project? The Chevy Volt project strategic plan was based on factor that kept rising oil prices in contention to market its electric car model for profitability. That is true to some extent. Yet, buying a car is long-term investment for buyers. That factor also should have been given due importance. Besides, investment made by GM in the Chevy Volt project also posed huge cost factor. In business context, Chevy Volt is less competitive and cost already incurred for the project means that the company has to compromise with its benchmark to foster a profitable outcome from situation of spiraling oil prices. Thus, falling oil prices can affect Chevy Volt project in terms of profitability directly from the sale of electric cars. However, such marketing concepts pose many risks and uncertainty, which in simple economic sense can be justified in context of supply and demand rule applicable to economics, be it for oil prices or the Chevy Volt car models and its demands in situations when oil prices would remain high. Do you think oil prices will remain low? There is no reason to think that oil prices will remain low, because it happened in a situation when demand for the product was low in the market. Rising oil prices defines the simple economic basis of the law of demand, which depends on market equilibrium for a product in influencing the inflation and deflation of particular product. Thus, it is very likely and in simple economic sense that once the demand for oil increases, prices also is also likely to surge accordingly. Besides there are no substitute product as far as fuel goes and in the case of Chevy Volt cars the case is otherwise, wherein substitute product can be emphasis in context of internal combustion engine cars which pouts competitors in a favorable situation as far as car model goes. a) What are the external conditions that need to be present for the Chevy Volt to be a successful car? For the success of the Chevy Volt Project effective marketing strategy has to be formulated. Marketing aspects also should capitalize on the internal and external forces that influence the products within the industry and against its rival for the competitive factor. From our understanding, the Chevy Volt is a high-tech car. Hence, external analysis from operational and business perspective should focus on the competitive structure of the industry and factors such as; innovations, socio-economic, and environmental impact that defines value added product, and the opportunistic cost that comes with it. Thus, a lot of innovation in the development process of the car should be fostered as one factor to benchmark against rivals and competitors in the industry, which is critical for success for a profitable outcome and goals achievements. Part of it also should focus on the strategic marketing aspects that give the car and its salient feature to reach the people through advertisement and awareness created in that regard are interrelated and need to be present for the Chevy Volt to be a successful car. Given its long presence in the market GM may not lack competency and skills, however, its strategic planning and decision making is stifled by strong resistance from its managers. This may be due to the complexity of the organization and resulting problems associated with strategic decision making. What would you suggest for GM to make its strategic planning and decision making effective and relevant? To facilitate effective strategic, it is advised that GM managers should take into account the following:- Response to the competition that the market posed and demands. Management Responsibility in decision undertaken. Knowledge sharing as a basis for project formulation and effectiveness. Cost factor analysis. Collaborative leadership as a means to negotiate against redundant formulation process. Do away with subjective and unreasonable reasoning and decisions. Transformational change has to be initiated. Management and supervisors involvements in any given projects. Business plan and layout should be effectively defined for any major outcome and long-term effects. Apart from these point and list of suggestion, we feel that strategic group in the company should be given ample hand to empanel for strategic plan layout, given that there are huge stakes for any given undertaking. After all, strategic group are expert panel. Yet, decision being reached is more or less subjective. Hence, a collaborative approach to management thinking, leadership and strategy formulation should be the core cultural basis in the company, which can effectively and relevantly drive the strategic planning and decision making in the course of goals achievements. In light of your analysis, what are the costs of failure in this project for GM? The cost of failure as far as Chevy Volt car concerns is huge and tremendous, as far as operation and economic consequences goes. Less involvement from the managers also brought to fore the cost and its effect to directly hit the company that brought it to the stage of total shutdown of its operations. Since the company is already in the threshold of bankruptcy, the Chevy Volt project that failed to impact the company strategic goals and its achievements posed the total effect of bankruptcy of GM and huge economic consequences as an aftermath, because the company is already on the process of huge public debt facilitated by the government to save itself from bankruptcy. Thus, it is suggested that either the plan have to be charted out to bring into effect the following:- Capitalize on the capability and expertise the company posits. Effective strategic management of operational process and procedures. Top Management involvement. Responsibility. Collaborative approaches to leadership. Cultural and structural upgrade of the corporate echelon and strategic management panel and groups. Standardization of managerial role, decisions and business plan layout. Capitalizing on the opportunities and threat. Facilitate a dynamic leadership culture. What are the costs for GM of not pursuing the project? There are tremendous and direct effects as far as Chevy Volt project concerns, since it is not pursued at all. Take for example the following cost factors:- The huge opportunistic cost lost in between. Operational and business capability that went for a toss. Marketing research that has not been capitalized effectively and efficiently for result outcome. Change factor and organizational learning. Cost factor in term of direct financial investments to investors, and stakeholders. Resource accumulation. Brand image and identity. Corporation competencies that have not been capitalized Sustainable development plans Corporate Social Responsibility Economic consequences. Bankruptcy. Business process and procedures.

Christianitys Influence on the Vikings Essay examples -- Vikings Chri

Christianity's Influence on the Vikings When I think of the words that describes Vikings I think of barbaric, having no mercy, and great explores. Words that describe a Christian to me are trustworthy, considerate, helpful, and peaceful. The descriptions of words I described for Vikings and Christians have basically opposite meanings. As the Vikings gradually became Christians they started to dramatically change their culture. So as Christianity was implemented on the Vikings they became more civilized. The Vikings gradually picked up Christianity influences throughout their existence but my question is did it play a key role in the down fall of the Vikings? The Viking era existed from 800 AD to 1200 AD and during 1000 AD Christianity began to have major influence in the Viking culture (Roesdahl 27). A major religion that shaped the Viking culture is Nordic Paganism (Williams). According to Stephen Henkin who wrote an article called the Viking Fury, the Vikings admired and tried to live up to the character traits they saw their gods portraying(Henkin ). Stephen Henkin suggested that character traits the Vikings saw in the Nordic gods are virile qualities: brutality, anger, lust, and humor (Henkin). The Vikings attempted to try to shape their character from the character traits they saw their gods portraying believing that they should try to acquire these characteristics to make their gods happy. Nordic Paganism was polytheistic with the main gods being Odin, Thor and Frey (â€Å"The Pagan Library†). Odin was the god of wisdom, magic and runes (â€Å"The Pagan Library†). The runes were the alphabet of the Vikings. Rune stones is the only documented writing from the Vikings during their existence, so a lot of the history during the ... ...the Vikings, I came to the conclusion that it was a key. The change in character traits of a person completely alters a person as it did with the Vikings. So the influence of Christianity character helped alter the Vikings to disappear. Works Cited Brent, Peter. The Viking Saga. New York:. G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1975. Gerset, Knut. History of the Norwegien People. New York: Au Press, 1969. Henkin, Stephen. â€Å"Viking Fury.† The World Li. Jan 2000. Proquest, Penn State Library. 31 March 2004. Roesdall, Else and David M. Wilson, ed. From Viking to Crusader. New York: Rizzoli, 1992. Skarsten, Trygve R. â€Å"Nordic Religions in the Viking Age.† Church History. Sep. 2000. Proquest, Penn State Library, 31 March 2004 Williams, Garth. â€Å"Pagan belief.† BBCi. 6 April 2004. 6 April 2004 < http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/vikings/religion_02.shtml>.